云母(mu)是一(yi)種造巖礦物,通常呈假六方或(huo)菱形的板狀、片狀、柱狀晶形。顏色(se)隨化(hua)學(xue)成分的變化(hua)而異,主要(yao)隨Fe含量的增多而變深(shen) 。云母(mu)的特性是絕緣(yuan)(yuan)、耐(nai)高溫(wen)、有(you)光澤、物理化(hua)學(xue)性能(neng)穩定(ding),具有(you)良好的隔熱性、彈性和韌性。在工業(ye)上用得多的是白云母(mu),其次(ci)為金云母(mu)。其廣泛的應用于(yu)建(jian)材(cai)行業(ye)、消(xiao)防行業(ye)、滅火劑(ji)、電焊條、塑料、電絕緣(yuan)(yuan)、造紙、瀝(li)青紙、橡(xiang)膠、珠光顏料等化(hua)工工業(ye)。
在工(gong)業(ye)上用得多的是白云(yun)母,其(qi)(qi)次為金云(yun)母。其(qi)(qi)廣泛(fan)的應用于建材行(xing)業(ye)、消防(fang)行(xing)業(ye)、滅(mie)火劑、電(dian)(dian)焊條、塑料(liao)、電(dian)(dian)絕緣(yuan)、造(zao)紙、瀝青紙、橡膠、珠光顏(yan)料(liao)等(deng)化工(gong)工(gong)業(ye)。超細云(yun)母粉作塑料(liao)、涂料(liao)、油漆、橡膠等(deng)功能性填(tian)料(liao),可(ke)提高(gao)其(qi)(qi)機械強(qiang)度(du),增強(qiang)韌性、附(fu)著力抗(kang)老化及耐(nai)腐蝕型等(deng)。除具有極高(gao)的電(dian)(dian)絕緣(yuan)性、抗(kang)酸堿腐蝕、彈性、韌性和(he)滑動性、耐(nai)熱隔音、熱膨脹系數小(xiao)等(deng)性能外,又率先推出片體二(er)表面光滑、徑厚比大、 形態規(gui)則、附(fu)著力強(qiang)等(deng)特點。
工(gong)(gong)(gong)業上主要(yao)利用(yong)它的絕緣性和耐熱(re)性,以及抗酸、抗堿性、抗壓和剝(bo)分性,用(yong)作電(dian)氣設備和電(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)器材(cai)(cai)的絕緣材(cai)(cai)料;其(qi)次用(yong)于制(zhi)造(zao)蒸汽(qi)鍋爐(lu)、冶煉爐(lu)的爐(lu)窗和機械(xie)上的零件(jian)。 云母碎和云母粉可以加工(gong)(gong)(gong)成云母紙,也(ye)可代替云母片制(zhi)造(zao)各種成本(ben)低(di)廉、厚度(du)均(jun)勻(yun)的絕緣材(cai)(cai)料。同時云母還(huan)具有藥用(yong)功(gong)能,傷于風邪(xie)而發冷(leng)發熱(re),如同身體(ti)坐在(zai)船(chuan)上,頭暈(yun)目眩(xuan),具有砌除風邪(xie),充實(shi)五臟,增(zeng)加生育(yu)能力(li),使眼睛明亮,久服(fu)身體(ti)輕便靈(ling)巧,延長壽命(ming)。
云母(mu)礦石浮選用以(yi)回收(shou)偉(wei)晶巖(yan)和云母(mu)片巖(yan)中(zhong)14目以(yi)下的云母(mu)和細粒云母(mu)。在我國,云母(mu)礦石浮選尚未(wei)得到生產應用。風選法適用于水(shui)源缺乏地(di)區,已用于實(shi)際生產。
階段(duan)
選(xuan)礦,云(yun)母的(de)浮(fu)選(xuan)與風選(xuan)。 |
階段
①云母(mu)與脈石的(de)表面物理化(hua)學性質的(de)不同進(jin)行分(fen)選。②破碎→篩分(fen)分(fen)級→風選。 |
第三(san)階段
①礦(kuang)石(shi)經(jing)破碎、磨礦(kuang)使云母單體解離(li),在藥劑(ji)作用(yong)下,云母成(cheng)為泡沫產品而(er)(er)與脈石(shi)分離(li)。②礦(kuang)石(shi)經(jing)過破碎之后,云母基(ji)本上形成(cheng)了薄片狀,而(er)(er)脈石(shi)礦(kuang)物長(chang)石(shi)、石(shi)英等呈塊狀顆粒。 |
第(di)四階(jie)段
打散包裝為成品 |
在工(gong)業(ye)(ye)上用(yong)(yong)(yong)得多(duo)的是白云母(mu),其(qi)次為金云母(mu)。其(qi)廣泛的應用(yong)(yong)(yong)于建材行業(ye)(ye)、消防行業(ye)(ye)、滅火(huo)劑、電(dian)(dian)焊條、塑料(liao)、電(dian)(dian)絕緣、造紙(zhi)、瀝青(qing)紙(zhi)、橡膠、珠光顏料(liao)等化工(gong)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)。工(gong)業(ye)(ye)上采用(yong)(yong)(yong)浮選與風選,使用(yong)(yong)(yong)到破碎機與磨粉(fen)機進行破碎研磨。
云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)紙(zhi)市場 機械部門早確定電(dian)(dian)機用(yong)(yong)(yong)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)絕(jue)緣材料主要(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)紙(zhi)代替云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)薄片。1987年我(wo)國(guo)新增(zeng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)設(she)備(bei)能(neng)力920萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa),通常按新增(zeng)10萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)力需(xu)耗用(yong)(yong)(yong)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)紙(zhi)5噸(dun)計算(suan),約需(xu)460噸(dun)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)紙(zhi)。我(wo)國(guo)今后能(neng)源工(gong)業是發(fa)(fa)(fa)展,"七五"期間,計劃達(da)到年產(chan)1000萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)機組(zu)能(neng)力,每(mei)年需(xu)要(yao)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)紙(zhi)不低于500噸(dun),共需(xu)2500噸(dun)以上。另(ling)外,1987年我(wo)國(guo)的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)裝機容量(liang)(liang)(liang)已達(da)1億千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa),若按20—30%的(de)(de)更(geng)換維修考(kao)慮,維修需(xu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)紙(zhi)亦相(xiang)當可觀。此(ci)外,還有眾多的(de)(de)工(gong)業、家用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)器也需(xu)要(yao)大量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)絕(jue)緣紙(zhi)板等產(chan)品。國(guo)內云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)紙(zhi)市場大有前途。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)粉(fen)市場 全國(guo)電(dian)(dian)焊條生(sheng)產(chan)每(mei)年需(xu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)粉(fen)約1.5萬(wan)噸(dun),油氈紙(zhi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)粉(fen)14萬(wan)噸(dun)、消防器材用(yong)(yong)(yong)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)粉(fen)2000噸(dun)左(zuo)右,再加上新開拓的(de)(de)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)粉(fen)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)領域,從發(fa)(fa)(fa)展趨(qu)勢看(kan),云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)粉(fen)的(de)(de)需(xu)要(yao)量(liang)(liang)(liang)可能(neng)會進一步(bu)增(zeng)長。